Meningitis

Generalities
Agent	There are several agents causing meningitis. 1) Main Bacteria: - Neisseria meningitidis (meningococcus): Gram negative diplococci. Main invasive serotypes are A, B, C, W135, X, and Y. - Haemophilus influenza: Gram negative cocco-bacilli. There are 6 serotypes from (a) to (f). The serotype (b) is responsible of invasive infection. - Streptococcus pneumonia (pneumococcus): Gram positive diplococci. There are more than 90 serotypes. - Leptospira: spirochetes, Leptospira interrogans (26 serogroups) - Listeria monocytogenes: Gram positive, rod-shapped - Other bacterial agents: Staphylococcus, enteric bacteria, group B streptococci, Mycobacterium tuberculosis… 2) Virus: - Mumps - Measles - West Nile virus: a Flavivirus - Enterovirus: including Coxsackieviruses A (2-4, 7, 9-10), Coxsackieviruses B (1-6), Echoviruses (2, 5-7, 9-11, 14, 18, 30), Enterovirus 71, Poliovirus (1-3) - Herpes Simplex virus (types 1 and 2): family Herpesviridae - Varicella-Zoster virus: Human (alpha) Herpesvirus 3 (varicella-zoster) from the group Herpesvirus - Adenovirus: Adenovirus, several types (1, 2, 3, 4, 5 and 7), genus Mastadenovirus, family Adenoviridae, - Lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus: an Arenavirus - Sandfly fever viruses: genus Phlebovirus, family Bunyaviridae. They include more than 60 antigenically distinct virus serotypes. Two main groups are identified: a) Sandfly fever group including the Naples serocomplex (Karimabad virus, Arabia virus, Massilia virus, Punique virus, Tehran virus, Toscana virus …) and Sicilian serocomplex; and b) Uukuniemi group -Other virus: arboviruses… 3) Parasites: - Candida albicans, cryptococcus…
Incubation period	varies with the agent
Period of transmissibility	varies with the agent
Reservoir	varies with the agent
Modes of transmission	varies with the agent
Clinical presentation	varies with the agent
Resources
Case definition	- MOPH circular no. 52 (2007): Meningitis - MOPH circular no. 63 (2007): Neisseria meningitidis - MOPH circular no. 54 (2007): Haemophilus influenzae b - MOPH circular no. 36 (2012): West Nile Virus
Forms	- Meningitis reporting form - Meningitis investigation form
Data	- Weekly report

ATC	Name	B/G	Ingredients	Dosage	Form	Price
B06AC05	TAKHZYRO	BioTech	Lanadelumab - 300mg/2ml		Injectable solution	1,204,227,927 L.L
B05ZA	CONCENTRATE SOLUTION FOR HEMODIALYSIS TYPE C	G	Potassium chloride - 2.611g/l, Magnesium chloride, 6H2O - 5.33g/l, Calcium chloride, 2H2O - 8.99g/l, Sodium acetate, 3H2O - 190.505g/l, Sodium chloride - 204.54g/l		Injectable solution	L.L
B05ZA	CONCENTRATE SOLUTION FOR HEMODIALYSIS TYPE D	G	Potassium chloride - 5.215g/l, Magnesium chloride, 6H2O - 5.32g/l, Calcium chloride, 2H2O - 8.99g/l, Sodium acetate, 3H2O - 166.7g/l, Sodium chloride - 214.76g/l		Injectable solution	L.L
B05ZA	CONCENTRATE SOLUTION FOR HEMODIALYSIS TYPE E	G	Potassium chloride - 2.611g/l, Magnesium chloride, 6H2O - 5.32g/l, Calcium chloride, 2H2O - 7.00g/l, Sodium acetate, 3H2O - 190.505g/l, Sodium chloride - 205.49g/l		Injectable solution	L.L
B05ZA	CONCENTRATE SOLUTION FOR HEMODIALYSIS TYPE F	G	Potassium chloride - 3.914g/l, Magnesium chloride, 6H2O - 3.558g/l, Calcium chloride, 2H2O - 7.719g/l, Acetic acid 100% - 6.010ml/l, Sodium chloride - 208.631g/l		Injectable solution	L.L
B05ZA	CONCENTRATE SOLUTION FOR HEMODIALYSIS TYPE SG	G	Potassium chloride - 3.92g/l, Magnesium chloride, 6H2O - 5.32g/l, Calcium chloride, 2H2O - 8.99g/l, Sodium acetate, 3H2O - 166.7g/l, Sodium chloride - 214.76g/l		Injectable solution	L.L
B05ZA	CONCENTRATE SOLUTION FOR HEMODIALYSIS L	G	Potassium chloride - K+:1.5 mmol/l, Magnesium chloride - Mg++:0.75 mmol/l, Calcium chloride - Ca++:1.75 mmol/l, Sodium acetate - Cl-:106.5 mmol/l, Sodium chloride - Na+:135 mmol/l		Injectable solution	L.L
B05ZA	CONCENTRATE SOLUTION FOR HEMODIALYSIS LM	G	Potassium chloride - K+:2.00 mmol/l, Magnesium chloride - Mg++:0.75 mmol/l, Calcium chloride - Ca++:1.75 mmol/l, Sodium acetate - Cl-:112 mmol/l, Sodium chloride - Na+:140 mmol/l		Injectable solution	L.L
B05ZA	CONCENTRATE SOLUTION FOR HEMODIALYSIS LS	G	Potassium chloride - K+:1.5 mmol/l, Magnesium chloride - Mg++:0.75 mmol/l, Calcium chloride - Ca++:1.75 mmol/l, Sodium acetate - Cl-:111.5 mmol/l, Sodium chloride - Na+:140 mmol/l		Injectable solution	L.L
B05ZA	CONCENTRATE SOLUTION FOR HEMODIALYSIS LS2	G	Potassium chloride - K+:1.5 mmol/l, Magnesium chloride - Mg++:0.75 mmol/l, Calcium chloride - Ca++:1.5 mmol/l, Sodium acetate - Cl-:111 mmol/l, Sodium chloride - Na+:140 mmol/l		Injectable solution	L.L
B05ZA	CONCENTRATE SOLUTION FOR HEMODIALYSIS LS3	G	Potassium chloride - K+:2.00 mmol/l, Magnesium chloride - Mg++:0.75 mmol/l, Calcium chloride - Ca++:1.60 mmol/l, Sodium acetate - Cl-:112 mmol/l, Sodium chloride - Na+:140 mmol/l		Injectable solution	L.L
B05ZA	CONCENTRATE SOLUTION FOR HEMODIALYSIS R	G	Potassium chloride - K+:1.00 mmol/l, Magnesium chloride - Mg++:0.75 mmol/l, Calcium chloride - Ca++:1.40 mmol/l, Sodium acetate - Cl-:105.8 mmol/l, Sodium chloride - Na+:140.5 mmol/l		Injectable solution	L.L
B05ZA	CONCENTRATE SOLUTIONFOR HEMODIALYSIS TYPE A	G	Hemodialytics, concentrates -		Injectable solution	L.L
B05ZA	CONCENTRATE SOLUTION FOR HEMODIALYSIS TYPE B+	G	Hemodialytics, concentrates -		Injectable solution	L.L
B05ZA	CONCENTRATE SOLUTION FOR HEMODIALYSIS TYPE J	G	Hemodialytics, concentrates -		Injectable solution	L.L
B05XB02	DIPEPTIVEN	B	L-alanine-L-Glutamine - 20g/100ml	20g/100ml	Injectable concentrated solution	2,940,456 L.L
B05XA31	NUTRYELT	G	Zinc (gluconate) - 10000mcg/10ml, Copper (gluconate) - 300mcg/10ml, Manganese (gluconate) - 55mcg/10ml, Sodium fluoride - 950mcg/10ml, Iodine potassium iodide - 130mcg/10ml, Selenium (sodium salt) - 70mcg/10ml, Molybdenum (Sodium molybdate) - 20mcg/10ml, Chrome (chlorure) - 10mcg/10ml, Ferrous (gluconate) - 1000mcg/10ml		Injectable concentrate for solution	3,483,240 L.L
B05XA31	ADDAVEN	G	Chromic chloride 6H2O - 53mcg/10ml, Copper chloride dihydrate - 1.02mg/10ml, Ferric Chloride hexahydrate - 5.40mg/10ml, Manganese chloride 4H2O - 198mcg/10ml, Potassium iodide - 166mcg/10ml, Sodium fluoride - 2.10mg/10ml		Injectable concentrate for solution	4,065,124 L.L
B05XA07	CALCIUM CHLORIDE	G	Calcium chloride - 10g/100ml	10g/100ml	Injectable solution	5,436,771 L.L
B05XA05	MAGNESIUM SULFATE	G	Magnesium sulfate, 7H2O - 15g/100ml	15g/100ml	Injectable solution	756,160 L.L
B05XA05	SULFATE DE MAGNESIUM PROAMP	G	Magnesium sulfate - 0.15g/ml	0.15g/ml	Injectable solution	1,400,284 L.L
B05XA05	SULFATE DE MAGNESIUM RENAUDIN	G	Magnesium sulfate - 1.5g/10ml	15%	Injectable solution	434,061 L.L
B05XA05	MAGNESIUM SULFATE	G	Magnesium sulfate, 7H2O - 50g/100ml	50g/100ml	Injectable solution	897,510 L.L
B05XA05	MAGNESIUM SULFATE	G	Magnesium sulfate, 7H2O - 10g/100ml	10g/100ml	Injectable solution	5,040,303 L.L
B05XA03	0.9% SODIUM CHLORIDE INJECTION USP	G	Sodium chloride - 0.9%	0.9%	Injectable solution	145,946 L.L
B05XA03	0.9% SODIUM CHLORIDE INJECTION USP	G	Sodium chloride - 0.9%	0.9%	Injectable solution	151,692 L.L
B05XA03	0.9% SODIUM CHLORIDE INJECTION USP	G	Sodium chloride - 0.9%	0.9%	Injectable solution	164,333 L.L
B05XA03	0.9% SODIUM CHLORIDE INJECTION USP	G	Sodium chloride - 0.9%	0.9%	Injectable solution	688,359 L.L
B05XA03	0.9% SODIUM CHLORIDE INJECTION USP	G	Sodium chloride - 0.9%	0.9%	Injectable solution	144,797 L.L
B05XA03	0.9% SODIUM CHLORIDE INJECTION USP	G	Sodium chloride - 0.9%	0.9%	Injectable solution	182,720 L.L