Meningitis

Generalities
Agent	There are several agents causing meningitis. 1) Main Bacteria: - Neisseria meningitidis (meningococcus): Gram negative diplococci. Main invasive serotypes are A, B, C, W135, X, and Y. - Haemophilus influenza: Gram negative cocco-bacilli. There are 6 serotypes from (a) to (f). The serotype (b) is responsible of invasive infection. - Streptococcus pneumonia (pneumococcus): Gram positive diplococci. There are more than 90 serotypes. - Leptospira: spirochetes, Leptospira interrogans (26 serogroups) - Listeria monocytogenes: Gram positive, rod-shapped - Other bacterial agents: Staphylococcus, enteric bacteria, group B streptococci, Mycobacterium tuberculosis… 2) Virus: - Mumps - Measles - West Nile virus: a Flavivirus - Enterovirus: including Coxsackieviruses A (2-4, 7, 9-10), Coxsackieviruses B (1-6), Echoviruses (2, 5-7, 9-11, 14, 18, 30), Enterovirus 71, Poliovirus (1-3) - Herpes Simplex virus (types 1 and 2): family Herpesviridae - Varicella-Zoster virus: Human (alpha) Herpesvirus 3 (varicella-zoster) from the group Herpesvirus - Adenovirus: Adenovirus, several types (1, 2, 3, 4, 5 and 7), genus Mastadenovirus, family Adenoviridae, - Lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus: an Arenavirus - Sandfly fever viruses: genus Phlebovirus, family Bunyaviridae. They include more than 60 antigenically distinct virus serotypes. Two main groups are identified: a) Sandfly fever group including the Naples serocomplex (Karimabad virus, Arabia virus, Massilia virus, Punique virus, Tehran virus, Toscana virus …) and Sicilian serocomplex; and b) Uukuniemi group -Other virus: arboviruses… 3) Parasites: - Candida albicans, cryptococcus…
Incubation period	varies with the agent
Period of transmissibility	varies with the agent
Reservoir	varies with the agent
Modes of transmission	varies with the agent
Clinical presentation	varies with the agent
Resources
Case definition	- MOPH circular no. 52 (2007): Meningitis - MOPH circular no. 63 (2007): Neisseria meningitidis - MOPH circular no. 54 (2007): Haemophilus influenzae b - MOPH circular no. 36 (2012): West Nile Virus
Forms	- Meningitis reporting form - Meningitis investigation form
Data	- Weekly report

ATC	Name	B/G	Ingredients	Dosage	Form	Price
A10AD01	MIXTARD 30	BioTech	Insulin (human) - 100IU/ml	100IU/ml	Injectable suspension	752,552 L.L
A10AD01	MIXTARD 30	BioTech	Insulin (human) - 100IU/ml	100IU/ml	Injectable suspension	752,552 L.L
A10AD04	HUMALOG MIX 50 KWIKPEN	BioTech	Insulin lispro solution - 50%, Insulin lispro protamine suspension - 50%	100IU/ml	Injectable suspension	3,950,897 L.L
A10AD04	HUMALOG MIX 25 KWIKPEN	BioTech	Insulin lispro solution - 25%, Insulin lispro protamine suspension - 75%	100IU/ml	Injectable suspension	3,950,897 L.L
A10AD05	NOVOMIX 30	BioTech	Insulin aspart - 30%, Insulin aspart protamine - 70%	100IU/ml	Injectable suspension	4,264,012 L.L
A10AD05	NOVOMIX 30	BioTech	Insulin aspart - 30%, Insulin aspart protamine - 70%	100IU/ml	Injectable suspension	4,264,012 L.L
A10AD05	NOVOMIX 30	BioTech	Insulin aspart - 30%, Insulin aspart protamine - 70%	100IU/ml	Injectable suspension	4,264,012 L.L
A10AE01	HUMULIN N U-100	BioTech	Insulin (human) - 100IU/ml	100IU/ml	Injectable suspension	701,486 L.L
A10AE01	INSULATARD	BioTech	Insulin (human) - 100IU/ml	100IU/ml	Injectable suspension	752,552 L.L
A10AE01	INSULATARD	BioTech	Insulin (human) - 100IU/ml	100IU/ml	Injectable suspension	752,552 L.L
A10AE01	JUSLINE N	BioTech	Insulin human isophane - 100IU/ml	100IU/ml	Injectable suspension	401,809 L.L
H02AB01	DIPROFOS	B	Betamethasone (dipropionate) - 5mg/ml, Betamethasone (sodium phosphate) - 2mg/ml		Injectable suspension	446,156 L.L
L01BC07	AZACITIDINE ARROW	G	Azacitidine - 25mg/ml	25mg/ml	Injectable suspension	10,967,854 L.L
H02AB04	DEPO MEDROL	B	Methylprednisolone acetate - 40mg/ml	40mg/ml	Injectable suspension	182,763 L.L
N02CD02	EMGALITY	BioTech	Galcanezumab - 120mg/ml	120mg/ml	Injectable suspension	37,250,732 L.L
H02AB04	DEPO MEDROL	B	Methylprednisolone acetate - 80mg/2ml	80mg/2ml	Injectable suspension	365,525 L.L
H02AB08	TRIACORT	G	Triamcinolone acetonide - 40mg/ml	40mg/ml	Injectable suspension	745,833 L.L
L02AE03	ZOLADEX DEPOT	B	Goserelin (acetate) - 3.6mg	3.6mg	Injectable suspension	8,820,074 L.L
L02AE03	ZOLADEX LA	B	Goserelin (acetate) - 10.8mg	10.8mg	Injectable suspension	35,121,328 L.L
N05AX13	INVEGA SUSTENNA	B	Paliperidone palmitate - 100mg	100mg	Injectable suspension, prolonged release	18,342,148 L.L
N05AX13	INVEGA SUSTENNA	B	Paliperidone palmitate - 75mg	75mg	Injectable suspension, prolonged release	14,659,577 L.L
N05AX13	INVEGA SUSTENNA	B	Paliperidone palmitate - 50mg	50mg	Injectable suspension, prolonged release	9,661,754 L.L
N05AX13	INVEGA SUSTENNA	B	Paliperidone palmitate - 150mg	150mg	Injectable suspension, prolonged release	26,434,190 L.L
N05AX13	TREVICTA	B	Paliperidone - 175mg	175mg	Injectable suspension, prolonged release	33,673,469 L.L
N05AX13	TREVICTA	B	Paliperidone - 263mg	263mg	Injectable suspension, prolonged release	39,162,480 L.L
N05AX13	TREVICTA	B	Paliperidone - 350mg	350mg	Injectable suspension, prolonged release	48,204,866 L.L
N05AX13	TREVICTA	B	Paliperidone - 525mg	525mg	Injectable suspension, prolonged release	72,306,028 L.L
N05AX13	BYANNLI	B	Paliperidone - 1000mg	1000mg	Injectable suspension, prolonged release	135,844,746 L.L
N05AX13	BYANNLI	B	Paliperidone - 700mg	700mg	Injectable suspension, prolonged release	93,221,562 L.L
D07AB02	LOCOID	B	Hydrocortisone butyrate - 0.1%	0.1%	Lipocream	221,734 L.L