Meningitis

Generalities
Agent	There are several agents causing meningitis. 1) Main Bacteria: - Neisseria meningitidis (meningococcus): Gram negative diplococci. Main invasive serotypes are A, B, C, W135, X, and Y. - Haemophilus influenza: Gram negative cocco-bacilli. There are 6 serotypes from (a) to (f). The serotype (b) is responsible of invasive infection. - Streptococcus pneumonia (pneumococcus): Gram positive diplococci. There are more than 90 serotypes. - Leptospira: spirochetes, Leptospira interrogans (26 serogroups) - Listeria monocytogenes: Gram positive, rod-shapped - Other bacterial agents: Staphylococcus, enteric bacteria, group B streptococci, Mycobacterium tuberculosis… 2) Virus: - Mumps - Measles - West Nile virus: a Flavivirus - Enterovirus: including Coxsackieviruses A (2-4, 7, 9-10), Coxsackieviruses B (1-6), Echoviruses (2, 5-7, 9-11, 14, 18, 30), Enterovirus 71, Poliovirus (1-3) - Herpes Simplex virus (types 1 and 2): family Herpesviridae - Varicella-Zoster virus: Human (alpha) Herpesvirus 3 (varicella-zoster) from the group Herpesvirus - Adenovirus: Adenovirus, several types (1, 2, 3, 4, 5 and 7), genus Mastadenovirus, family Adenoviridae, - Lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus: an Arenavirus - Sandfly fever viruses: genus Phlebovirus, family Bunyaviridae. They include more than 60 antigenically distinct virus serotypes. Two main groups are identified: a) Sandfly fever group including the Naples serocomplex (Karimabad virus, Arabia virus, Massilia virus, Punique virus, Tehran virus, Toscana virus …) and Sicilian serocomplex; and b) Uukuniemi group -Other virus: arboviruses… 3) Parasites: - Candida albicans, cryptococcus…
Incubation period	varies with the agent
Period of transmissibility	varies with the agent
Reservoir	varies with the agent
Modes of transmission	varies with the agent
Clinical presentation	varies with the agent
Resources
Case definition	- MOPH circular no. 52 (2007): Meningitis - MOPH circular no. 63 (2007): Neisseria meningitidis - MOPH circular no. 54 (2007): Haemophilus influenzae b - MOPH circular no. 36 (2012): West Nile Virus
Forms	- Meningitis reporting form - Meningitis investigation form
Data	- Weekly report

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All

ATC	Name	B/G	Ingredients	Dosage	Form	Price
C05BA53	CONTRACTUBEX	B	Allantoin - 1g/100g, Cepae - 10g/100g, Heparin - 5000IU/100g		Gel	498,566 L.L
D10AD53	EPIDUO	B	Adapalene - 0.1%, Benzoyl peroxide - 2.5%		Gel	2,088,331 L.L
C05BA53	CONTRACTUBEX	B	Allantoin - 1g/100g, Cepae - 10g/100g, Heparin - 5,000IU/100g		Gel	1,183,925 L.L
D10AD53	EPIDUO FORTE	B	Adapalene - 0.3%, Benzoyl peroxide - 2.5%		Gel	2,201,214 L.L
D10AE01	BENZAC AC	G	Benzoyl peroxide - 10g/100g	10%	Gel	416,591 L.L
D10AE01	BENZAC AC	G	Benzoyl peroxide - 5g/100g	5%	Gel	388,370 L.L
D10AF01	CLINIDERM	G	Clindamycin (phosphate) - 1%	1%	Gel	712,876 L.L
R06AB02	HISTAMED	G	Dexchlorpheniramine maleate - 1%	1%	Gel	477,384 L.L
D10AF02	SPOTEX	G	Erythromycin - 4%	4%	Gel	854,684 L.L
D10AF05	NAXIDERM	G	Nadifloxacin - 1%	1%	Gel	826,783 L.L
C05CA05	VENOSMIL	G	Hidrosmin - 2%	2%	Gel	588,603 L.L
D10AF51	DUAC ONCE DAILY	B	Clindamycin (phosphate) - 1%, Benzoyl peroxide - 5%		Gel	1,658,302 L.L
A02BX02	SUCRATE GEL	G	Sucralfate - 1g	1g	Gel	636,981 L.L
D11AX18	ALMIRAL	G	Diclofenac sodium - 1% w/w	1% w/w	Gel	396,434 L.L
D11AX18	LABDIC RELIEF	G	Diclofenac sodium - 1%w/w, Methyl salicylate - 8%w/w, Menthol - 2%w/w		Gel	263,393 L.L
D01AC02	MICONAZ	G	Miconazole nitrate - 20mg/g	20mg/g	Gel	427,470 L.L
D01AC08	KETOCONAZOLE KORHISPANA	G	Ketoconazole - 2%	2%	Gel	599,354 L.L
S01AD09	VIRGAN	B	Ganciclovir - 1.5mg/g	1.5mg/g	Gel	804,962 L.L
S01AD09	GANVIR	G	Ganciclovir - 0.15%	0.15%	Gel	698,798 L.L
D02AF	REPARIL GEL-N	B	Diethylamine salicylate - 5g/100g, Ascine - 1g/100g		Gel	481,096 L.L
S01AE01	FLOXEDOL	G	Ofloxacin - 3mg/ml	3mg/ml	Gel	339,992 L.L
M02AA07	PIROXICALM	G	Piroxicam - 0.5%	0.5%	Gel	207,336 L.L
M02AA10	FASTUM	B	Ketoprofen - 2.5g/100g	2.5%	Gel	177,387 L.L
D03AX06	BECAPLEX	BioTech	Becaplermin - 40mg	0.01%	Gel	38,029,953 L.L
M02AA10	FASTUM	B	Ketoprofen - 2.5g/100g	2.5%	Gel	337,304 L.L
M02AA10	ACHONID GEL	G	Ketoprofen - 2.5%	2.5%	Gel	179,179 L.L
D04AA13	FENISTIL	B	Dimethindene maleate - 1mg/g	1mg/g	Gel	196,201 L.L
M02AA15	DICLOGESIC	G	Diclofenac sodium (diethylamine) - 10mg/g	1%	Gel	135,728 L.L
M02AA15	LOCAGEL	G	Diclofenac sodium (diethylamine) - 10mg/g	10mg/g	Gel	223,078 L.L
M02AA15	OLFEN	G	Diclofenac sodium (diethylamine) - 1%	1%	Gel	268,769 L.L

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