Meningitis

Generalities
Agent	There are several agents causing meningitis. 1) Main Bacteria: - Neisseria meningitidis (meningococcus): Gram negative diplococci. Main invasive serotypes are A, B, C, W135, X, and Y. - Haemophilus influenza: Gram negative cocco-bacilli. There are 6 serotypes from (a) to (f). The serotype (b) is responsible of invasive infection. - Streptococcus pneumonia (pneumococcus): Gram positive diplococci. There are more than 90 serotypes. - Leptospira: spirochetes, Leptospira interrogans (26 serogroups) - Listeria monocytogenes: Gram positive, rod-shapped - Other bacterial agents: Staphylococcus, enteric bacteria, group B streptococci, Mycobacterium tuberculosis… 2) Virus: - Mumps - Measles - West Nile virus: a Flavivirus - Enterovirus: including Coxsackieviruses A (2-4, 7, 9-10), Coxsackieviruses B (1-6), Echoviruses (2, 5-7, 9-11, 14, 18, 30), Enterovirus 71, Poliovirus (1-3) - Herpes Simplex virus (types 1 and 2): family Herpesviridae - Varicella-Zoster virus: Human (alpha) Herpesvirus 3 (varicella-zoster) from the group Herpesvirus - Adenovirus: Adenovirus, several types (1, 2, 3, 4, 5 and 7), genus Mastadenovirus, family Adenoviridae, - Lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus: an Arenavirus - Sandfly fever viruses: genus Phlebovirus, family Bunyaviridae. They include more than 60 antigenically distinct virus serotypes. Two main groups are identified: a) Sandfly fever group including the Naples serocomplex (Karimabad virus, Arabia virus, Massilia virus, Punique virus, Tehran virus, Toscana virus …) and Sicilian serocomplex; and b) Uukuniemi group -Other virus: arboviruses… 3) Parasites: - Candida albicans, cryptococcus…
Incubation period	varies with the agent
Period of transmissibility	varies with the agent
Reservoir	varies with the agent
Modes of transmission	varies with the agent
Clinical presentation	varies with the agent
Resources
Case definition	- MOPH circular no. 52 (2007): Meningitis - MOPH circular no. 63 (2007): Neisseria meningitidis - MOPH circular no. 54 (2007): Haemophilus influenzae b - MOPH circular no. 36 (2012): West Nile Virus
Forms	- Meningitis reporting form - Meningitis investigation form
Data	- Weekly report

ATC	Name	B/G	Ingredients	Dosage	Form	Price
B05CX01	DEXTROSE 5% INJECTION, USP	G	Glucose - 5%	5%	Injectable solution	193,062 L.L
D10AE01	BENZAC AC	G	Benzoyl peroxide - 5g/100g	5%	Gel	388,370 L.L
B05CX01	DEXTROSE 5% INJECTION, USP	G	Glucose - 5%	5%	Injectable solution	171,228 L.L
B05CX01	DEXTROSE 5% INJECTION, USP	G	Glucose - 5%	5%	Injectable solution	158,587 L.L
B05CX01	SERUFLEX DEXTROSE 5% INJECTION USP	G	Glucose - 5%	5%	Injectable solution	171,228 L.L
B05CX01	SERUFLEX DEXTROSE 5% INJECTION USP	G	Glucose - 5%	5%	Injectable solution	158,587 L.L
B05CX01	SERUFLEX DEXTROSE 5% INJECTION, USP	G	Glucose - 5%	5%	Injectable solution	171,228 L.L
B05CX01	SERUFLEX DEXTROSE 5% INJECTION, USP	G	Glucose - 5%	5%	Injectable solution	193,062 L.L
B05CX01	SOLUFLEX DEXTROSE 5% INJECTION USP	G	Glucose - 5%	5%	Injectable solution	186,167 L.L
B05CX01	SOLUFLEX DEXTROSE 5% INJECTION USP	G	Glucose - 5%	5%	Injectable solution	186,167 L.L
B05CX01	SOLUFLEX DEXTROSE 5% INJECTION, USP	G	Glucose - 5%	5%	Injectable solution	205,703 L.L
B05CX01	SOLUFLEX DEXTROSE 5% INJECTION, USP	G	Glucose - 5%	5%	Injectable solution	221,792 L.L
L01BC02	EFUDIX	B	Fluorouracil - 5%	5%	Cream	671,921 L.L
D11AX01	ALOPEXY	G	Minoxidil - 50mg/ml	5%	Solution	896,343 L.L
D11AX01	ALOPEXY	G	Minoxidil - 5%	5%	Solution	896,343 L.L
D11AX01	HAIRGAINE 5	G	Minoxidil - 5%	5%	Solution	1,963,354 L.L
D11AX01	HAIRGROW	G	Minoxidil - 5%	5%	Solution	1,061,636 L.L
D11AX01	MINOXIDIL BAILLEUL	G	Minoxidil - 5%	5%	Solution	3,675,409 L.L
D01AE16	LOCERYL	B	Amorolfine - 125mg/2.5ml	5%	Nail lacquer	1,076,418 L.L
D01AE16	AMOROLFINE BGR	G	Amorolfine - 5%	5%	Nail lacquer	753,896 L.L
D04AB01	VERSATIS	B	Lidocaine - 5%	5%	Patch	13,085,712 L.L
D04AB01	VERSATIS	B	Lidocaine - 5%	5%	Patch	2,772,347 L.L
N01BB54	EMLA	B	Prilocaine - 25mg/g, Lidocaine - 25mg/g	5%	Cream	1,763,121 L.L
D06BA02	CREM-O-SULFA	G	Sulfathiazole - 5%	5%	Cream	202,216 L.L
D06BB03	CIVAR	G	Aciclovir - 5%	5%	Cream	507,972 L.L
D06BB10	ALDARA	B	Imiquimod - 5%	5%	Cream	6,301,277 L.L
D06BB10	GENIMOD	G	Imiquimod - 5%	5%	Cream	2,268,406 L.L
D06BB10	JEDARA	G	Imiquimod - 5%	5%	Cream	3,850,109 L.L
B05CX01	5% DEXTROSE INJECTION USP	G	Glucose - 5%	5%	Injectable solution	148,244 L.L
B05CX01	5% DEXTROSE INJECTION USP	G	Glucose - 5%	5%	Injectable solution	148,244 L.L