Meningitis

Generalities
Agent	There are several agents causing meningitis. 1) Main Bacteria: - Neisseria meningitidis (meningococcus): Gram negative diplococci. Main invasive serotypes are A, B, C, W135, X, and Y. - Haemophilus influenza: Gram negative cocco-bacilli. There are 6 serotypes from (a) to (f). The serotype (b) is responsible of invasive infection. - Streptococcus pneumonia (pneumococcus): Gram positive diplococci. There are more than 90 serotypes. - Leptospira: spirochetes, Leptospira interrogans (26 serogroups) - Listeria monocytogenes: Gram positive, rod-shapped - Other bacterial agents: Staphylococcus, enteric bacteria, group B streptococci, Mycobacterium tuberculosis… 2) Virus: - Mumps - Measles - West Nile virus: a Flavivirus - Enterovirus: including Coxsackieviruses A (2-4, 7, 9-10), Coxsackieviruses B (1-6), Echoviruses (2, 5-7, 9-11, 14, 18, 30), Enterovirus 71, Poliovirus (1-3) - Herpes Simplex virus (types 1 and 2): family Herpesviridae - Varicella-Zoster virus: Human (alpha) Herpesvirus 3 (varicella-zoster) from the group Herpesvirus - Adenovirus: Adenovirus, several types (1, 2, 3, 4, 5 and 7), genus Mastadenovirus, family Adenoviridae, - Lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus: an Arenavirus - Sandfly fever viruses: genus Phlebovirus, family Bunyaviridae. They include more than 60 antigenically distinct virus serotypes. Two main groups are identified: a) Sandfly fever group including the Naples serocomplex (Karimabad virus, Arabia virus, Massilia virus, Punique virus, Tehran virus, Toscana virus …) and Sicilian serocomplex; and b) Uukuniemi group -Other virus: arboviruses… 3) Parasites: - Candida albicans, cryptococcus…
Incubation period	varies with the agent
Period of transmissibility	varies with the agent
Reservoir	varies with the agent
Modes of transmission	varies with the agent
Clinical presentation	varies with the agent
Resources
Case definition	- MOPH circular no. 52 (2007): Meningitis - MOPH circular no. 63 (2007): Neisseria meningitidis - MOPH circular no. 54 (2007): Haemophilus influenzae b - MOPH circular no. 36 (2012): West Nile Virus
Forms	- Meningitis reporting form - Meningitis investigation form
Data	- Weekly report

ATC	Name	B/G	Ingredients	Dosage	Form	Price
A10AE04	GLARTUS	BioTech	Insulin glargine - 100U/ml	100U/ml	Injectable solution	1,346,530 L.L
A11DB	NEUROBION	B	Vitamin B12 - 1000mcg, Vitamin B6 - 100mg, Vitamin B1 - 100mg		Injectable solution	287,582 L.L
B05XA03	0.9% SODIUM CHLORIDE INJECTION USP	G	Sodium chloride - 0.9%	0.9%	Injectable solution	209,151 L.L
D11AH05	DUPIXENT	BioTech	Dupilumab - 200mg	200mg	Injectable solution	123,001,362 L.L
L04AB02	REMSIMA SC	BioTech	Infliximab - 120mg/ml	120mg/ml	Injectable solution	91,457,321 L.L
N02BE01	STOPALGIC	G	Paracetamol - 1g/100ml	1g/100ml	Injectable solution	1,536,012 L.L
A10AE04	LANTUS SOLOSTAR	BioTech	Insulin glargine - 100IU/ml	100IU/ml	Injectable solution	4,992,375 L.L
A11DB	NEURORUBINE	G	Vitamin B12 - 1mg, Vitamin B6 - 100mg, Vitamin B1 - 100mg		Injectable solution	302,365 L.L
B03XA01	BINOCRIT	BioTech	Erythropoietin recombinant human (Epoetin alfa) - 2,000IU/ml	2,000IU/ml	Injectable solution	6,544,700 L.L
B05XA03	0.9% SODIUM CHLORIDE INJECTION USP	G	Sodium chloride - 0.9%	0.9%	Injectable solution	222,941 L.L
L04AB02	REMSIMA SC	BioTech	Infliximab - 120mg/ml	120mg/ml	Injectable solution	52,597,003 L.L
N02BE01	PARACETAMOL B.BRAUN	G	Paracetamol - 1000mg/100ml	1000mg/100ml	Injectable solution	129,009 L.L
A10AE04	LANTUS	BioTech	Insulin glargine - 100IU/ml	100IU/ml	Injectable solution	3,327,354 L.L
B03XA01	EPOMAX	BioTech	Erythropoietin recombinant human (Epoetin alfa) - 2000UI/ml	2000UI/ml	Injectable solution	7,849,606 L.L
B05XA03	0.9% SODIUM CHLORIDE INJECTION USP	G	Sodium chloride - 0.9%	0.9%	Injectable solution	181,570 L.L
L04AB04	ABRILADA	BioTech	Adalimumab - 40mg	40mg	Injectable solution	40,259,574 L.L
N02BE01	PARACETAMOL MACOPHARMA	G	Paracetamol - 1000mg/100ml	10mg/ml	Injectable solution	9,350,840 L.L
A10AE04	TOUJEO	BioTech	Insulin glargine - 300Units/ml	300Units/ml	Injectable solution	4,559,658 L.L
B03XA01	BINOCRIT	BioTech	Erythropoietin recombinant human (Epoetin alfa) - 4,000IU/0.4ml	4,000IU/0.4ml	Injectable solution	5,582,795 L.L
B05XA03	0.9% SODIUM CHLORIDE INJECTION USP	G	Sodium chloride - 0.9%	0.9%	Injectable solution	141,349 L.L
L04AB04	ABRILADA	BioTech	Adalimumab - 40mg	40mg	Injectable solution	40,259,574 L.L
N02BE01	PARACETAMOL NORMON	G	Paracetamol - 1000mg/100ml	10mg/ml	Injectable solution	9,633,134 L.L
A10AE06	TRESIBA	BioTech	Insulin degludec - 100IU/ml	100IU/ml	Injectable solution	6,857,628 L.L
B03XA01	EPOMAX	BioTech	Erythropoietin recombinant human (Epoetin alfa) - 4000UI/ml	4000UI/ml	Injectable solution	1,243,054 L.L
B05XA03	CHLORURE DE SODIUM 0.9 pour cent Renaudin	G	Sodium chloride - 0.9%	0.9%	Injectable solution	385,683 L.L
L04AB04	ADALIREL	BioTech	Adalimumab - 40mg	40mg	Injectable solution	15,102,158 L.L
N02BE01	PARACETAMOL PANPHARMA	G	Paracetamol - 1000mg/100ml	10mg/ml	Injectable solution	8,675,675 L.L
A10AE54	SULIQUA	BioTech	Insulin glargine - 100IU/ml, Lixisenatide - 50mcg/ml		Injectable solution	11,286,573 L.L
B03XA01	EPOTEX 4000 BENTA	BioTech	Erythropoietin recombinant human (Epoetin alfa) - 4,000IU	4,000IU	Injectable solution	1,209,458 L.L
B05XA03	CHLORURE DE SODIUM PROAMP	G	Sodium chloride - 0.9%	0.9%	Injectable solution	1,104,639 L.L