Meningitis

Generalities
Agent	There are several agents causing meningitis. 1) Main Bacteria: - Neisseria meningitidis (meningococcus): Gram negative diplococci. Main invasive serotypes are A, B, C, W135, X, and Y. - Haemophilus influenza: Gram negative cocco-bacilli. There are 6 serotypes from (a) to (f). The serotype (b) is responsible of invasive infection. - Streptococcus pneumonia (pneumococcus): Gram positive diplococci. There are more than 90 serotypes. - Leptospira: spirochetes, Leptospira interrogans (26 serogroups) - Listeria monocytogenes: Gram positive, rod-shapped - Other bacterial agents: Staphylococcus, enteric bacteria, group B streptococci, Mycobacterium tuberculosis… 2) Virus: - Mumps - Measles - West Nile virus: a Flavivirus - Enterovirus: including Coxsackieviruses A (2-4, 7, 9-10), Coxsackieviruses B (1-6), Echoviruses (2, 5-7, 9-11, 14, 18, 30), Enterovirus 71, Poliovirus (1-3) - Herpes Simplex virus (types 1 and 2): family Herpesviridae - Varicella-Zoster virus: Human (alpha) Herpesvirus 3 (varicella-zoster) from the group Herpesvirus - Adenovirus: Adenovirus, several types (1, 2, 3, 4, 5 and 7), genus Mastadenovirus, family Adenoviridae, - Lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus: an Arenavirus - Sandfly fever viruses: genus Phlebovirus, family Bunyaviridae. They include more than 60 antigenically distinct virus serotypes. Two main groups are identified: a) Sandfly fever group including the Naples serocomplex (Karimabad virus, Arabia virus, Massilia virus, Punique virus, Tehran virus, Toscana virus …) and Sicilian serocomplex; and b) Uukuniemi group -Other virus: arboviruses… 3) Parasites: - Candida albicans, cryptococcus…
Incubation period	varies with the agent
Period of transmissibility	varies with the agent
Reservoir	varies with the agent
Modes of transmission	varies with the agent
Clinical presentation	varies with the agent
Resources
Case definition	- MOPH circular no. 52 (2007): Meningitis - MOPH circular no. 63 (2007): Neisseria meningitidis - MOPH circular no. 54 (2007): Haemophilus influenzae b - MOPH circular no. 36 (2012): West Nile Virus
Forms	- Meningitis reporting form - Meningitis investigation form
Data	- Weekly report

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All

ATC	Name	B/G	Ingredients	Dosage	Form	Price
B05XA03	SOLUFLEX SODIUM CHLORIDE 0.45% INJECTION, USP	G	Sodium chloride - 0.45%	0.45%	Injectable solution	176,974 L.L
B05XA03	SODIUM CHLORIDE	G	Sodium chloride - 10%	10%	Injectable solution	4,129,004 L.L
B05XA03	SODIUM CHLORIDE	G	Sodium chloride - 10%	10%	Injectable solution	5,779,226 L.L
B05XA03	SODIUM CHLORIDE	G	Sodium chloride - 20%	20%	Injectable solution	5,675,800 L.L
B05XA03	SODIUM CHLORIDE	G	Sodium chloride - 20%	20%	Injectable solution	784,890 L.L
J02AC01	STABILANOL	G	Fluconazole - 100mg	100mg	Capsule	1,432,331 L.L
N02BE01	SULDEX 250	G	Paracetamol - 250mg	250mg	Suppository	127,985 L.L
B05XA05	SULFATE DE MAGNESIUM PROAMP	G	Magnesium sulfate - 0.15g/ml	0.15g/ml	Injectable solution	1,400,284 L.L
B05BB01	SERUFLEX LACTATED RINGER'S INJECTION, USP	G	Sodium lactate - 3.1g/l, Calcium chloride, 2H2O - 0.2g/l, Potassium chloride - 0.3g/l, Sodium chloride - 6g/l		Injectable solution	216,046 L.L
B05XA05	SULFATE DE MAGNESIUM RENAUDIN	G	Magnesium sulfate - 1.5g/10ml	15%	Injectable solution	434,061 L.L
N02BE01	SULDEX A	G	Paracetamol - 600mg	600mg	Suppository	200,936 L.L
B05BB01	SERUFLEX LACTATED RINGER'S INJECTION, USP	G	Sodium lactate - 3.1g/l, Calcium chloride, 2H2O - 0.2g/l, Potassium chloride - 0.3g/l, Sodium chloride - 6g/l		Injectable solution	232,134 L.L
B05BB01	SOLUFLEX LACTATED RINGER'S INJECTION, USP	G	Sodium lactate - 3.1g/l, Calcium chloride, 2H2O - 0.2g/l, Potassium chloride - 0.3g/l, Sodium chloride - 6g/l		Injectable solution	264,311 L.L
N02BE01	SULDEX 125	G	Paracetamol - 125mg	125mg	Suppository	110,067 L.L
J02AC01	STABILANOL	G	Fluconazole - 150mg	150mg	Capsule	264,637 L.L
B05BB01	SERUFLEX RINGER'S INJECTION, USP	G	Calcium chloride, 2H2O - 0.33g/l, Potassium chloride - 0.3g/l, Sodium chloride - 8.6g/l		Injectable solution	204,554 L.L
D03BA	SERODASE	G	Serratiopeptidase - 5mg	5mg	Tablet, enteric coated	460,938 L.L
B05BB01	SOLUFLEX RINGER'S INJECTION, USP	G	Calcium chloride, 2H2O - 0.33g/l, Potassium chloride - 0.3g/l, Sodium chloride - 8.6g/l		Injectable solution	221,792 L.L
J01DD15	SEFARIN	G	Cefdinir - 125mg/5ml	125mg/5ml	Suspension	1,695,929 L.L
J01DD15	SEFARIN	G	Cefdinir - 125mg/5ml	125mg/5ml	Suspension	939,346 L.L
N02BE01	STOPALGIC	G	Paracetamol - 1g/100ml	1g/100ml	Injectable solution	1,536,012 L.L
J01DD15	SEFARIN	G	Cefdinir - 300mg	300mg	Capsule	1,494,353 L.L
L04AA27	SCLEMOD	G	Fingolimod Hydrochloride - 0.5mg	0.5mg	Capsule	L.L
B05BB02	SERUFLEX DEXTROSE 5% SODIUM CHLORIDE 0.9% INJECTION, USP	G	Sodium chloride - 0.9%, Glucose - 5%		Injectable solution	194,211 L.L
B05BB02	SERUFLEX DEXTROSE 5% SODIUM CHLORIDE 0.9% INJECTION, USP	G	Sodium chloride - 0.9%, Glucose - 5%		Injectable solution	180,421 L.L
B05BB02	SOLUFLEX DEXTROSE 5% SODIUM CHLORIDE 0.9% INJECTION, USP	G	Sodium chloride - 0.9%, Glucose - 5%		Injectable solution	222,941 L.L
N02BE01	SOLUFLEX PARACETAMOL	G	Paracetamol - 1g/100ml	1g/100ml	Injectable solution	211,175 L.L
B05BB02	SOLUFLEX DEXTROSE 5% SODIUM CHLORIDE 0.9% INJECTION, USP	G	Sodium chloride - 0.9%, Glucose - 5%		Injectable solution	158,587 L.L
A10BD07	SAGIMET	G	Metformin HCl - 1000mg, Sitagliptin (HCl monohydrate) - 50mg		Tablet, film coated	1,551,690 L.L
A10BD07	SITAMET	G	Metformin - 1000mg, Sitagliptin - 50mg		Tablet, film coated	2,541,715 L.L

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