Meningitis

Generalities
Agent	There are several agents causing meningitis. 1) Main Bacteria: - Neisseria meningitidis (meningococcus): Gram negative diplococci. Main invasive serotypes are A, B, C, W135, X, and Y. - Haemophilus influenza: Gram negative cocco-bacilli. There are 6 serotypes from (a) to (f). The serotype (b) is responsible of invasive infection. - Streptococcus pneumonia (pneumococcus): Gram positive diplococci. There are more than 90 serotypes. - Leptospira: spirochetes, Leptospira interrogans (26 serogroups) - Listeria monocytogenes: Gram positive, rod-shapped - Other bacterial agents: Staphylococcus, enteric bacteria, group B streptococci, Mycobacterium tuberculosis… 2) Virus: - Mumps - Measles - West Nile virus: a Flavivirus - Enterovirus: including Coxsackieviruses A (2-4, 7, 9-10), Coxsackieviruses B (1-6), Echoviruses (2, 5-7, 9-11, 14, 18, 30), Enterovirus 71, Poliovirus (1-3) - Herpes Simplex virus (types 1 and 2): family Herpesviridae - Varicella-Zoster virus: Human (alpha) Herpesvirus 3 (varicella-zoster) from the group Herpesvirus - Adenovirus: Adenovirus, several types (1, 2, 3, 4, 5 and 7), genus Mastadenovirus, family Adenoviridae, - Lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus: an Arenavirus - Sandfly fever viruses: genus Phlebovirus, family Bunyaviridae. They include more than 60 antigenically distinct virus serotypes. Two main groups are identified: a) Sandfly fever group including the Naples serocomplex (Karimabad virus, Arabia virus, Massilia virus, Punique virus, Tehran virus, Toscana virus …) and Sicilian serocomplex; and b) Uukuniemi group -Other virus: arboviruses… 3) Parasites: - Candida albicans, cryptococcus…
Incubation period	varies with the agent
Period of transmissibility	varies with the agent
Reservoir	varies with the agent
Modes of transmission	varies with the agent
Clinical presentation	varies with the agent
Resources
Case definition	- MOPH circular no. 52 (2007): Meningitis - MOPH circular no. 63 (2007): Neisseria meningitidis - MOPH circular no. 54 (2007): Haemophilus influenzae b - MOPH circular no. 36 (2012): West Nile Virus
Forms	- Meningitis reporting form - Meningitis investigation form
Data	- Weekly report

ATC	Name	B/G	Ingredients	Dosage	Form	Price
L01ED04	ALUNBRIG	B	Brigatinib - 180mg	180mg	Tablet, film coated	474,793,952 L.L
M04AA01	ALURIC	G	Allopurinol - 300mg	300mg	Tablet, scored	175,339 L.L
N07CA01	ALVIGO	G	Betahistine dihydrochloride - 16mg	16mg	Tablet, scored	1,204,339 L.L
L01XG01	ALVOCADE	G	Bortezomib - 3.5mg	3.5mg	Injectable powder for solution	14,169,600 L.L
N06DA02	ALZEPIL	G	Donepezil HCl - 5mg	5mg	Tablet	1,406,555 L.L
N06DA02	ALZEPIL	G	Donepezil HCl - 10mg	10mg	Tablet	1,908,256 L.L
A10BB12	AMARYL	B	Glimepiride - 1mg	1mg	Tablet	231,141 L.L
A10BB12	AMARYL	B	Glimepiride - 2mg	2mg	Tablet	233,829 L.L
A10BB12	AMARYL	B	Glimepiride - 3mg	3mg	Tablet	392,402 L.L
A10BB12	AMARYL	B	Glimepiride - 4mg	4mg	Tablet	392,402 L.L
J02AA01	AMBISOME	B	Liposomal Amphotericin B - 50mg	50mg	Injectable powder for liposomal dispersion	13,126,040 L.L
A10BB12	AMEPRIDE	G	Glimepiride - 1mg	1mg	Tablet	137,072 L.L
A10BB12	AMEPRIDE	G	Glimepiride - 2mg	2mg	Tablet	139,760 L.L
A10BB12	AMEPRIDE	G	Glimepiride - 3mg	3mg	Tablet	215,015 L.L
A10BB12	AMEPRIDE	G	Glimepiride - 4mg	4mg	Tablet	215,015 L.L
J01GB06	AMICINE	G	Amikacin (sulfate) - 500mg/2ml	500mg/2ml	Injectable solution	1,749,683 L.L
J01GB06	AMIKACIN SULPHATE	G	Amikacin (sulfate) - 500mg/2ml	500mg/2ml	Injectable solution	372,244 L.L
R03DA05	AMINOPHYLLINE	G	Aminophylline - 100mg	100mg	Tablet, scored	445,388 L.L
R03DA05	AMINOPHYLLINE ADULTS	G	Aminophylline - 350mg	350mg	Suppository	244,451 L.L
R03DA05	AMINOPHYLLINE CHILDREN	G	Aminophylline - 100mg	100mg	Suppository	203,496 L.L
R03DA05	AMINOPHYLLINE RENAUDIN	G	Aminophylline - 250mg/10ml	2.5%	Injectable solution	739,113 L.L
B05BA01	AMINOPLASMAL B. BRAUN	B	Amino acids - 10%	10%	Injectable solution	1,036,103 L.L
B05BA01	AMINOVEN 10%	B	Glacial Acetic Acid 99% - 5.297g/l, L-Proline - 15.0g/l, L-Alanine - 15.0g/l, Glycine - 14.0g/l, L-Histidine - 3.00g/l, L-Arginine - 12.0g/l, L-Valine - 6.20g/l, L-Tryptophan - 2.00g/l, L-Threonine - 4.40g/l, L-Phenylalanine - 5.10g/l, L-Methionine - 4.30g/l, L-Lysine (monoacetate) - 6.60g/l, L-Leucine - 7.40g/l, L-Isoleucine - 5.00g/l		Injectable solution	951,440 L.L
B05BA01	AMINOVEN INFANT	B	L-Leucine - 13g/l, L-Isoleucine - 8g/l, L-Lysine Acetate - 12g/l, L-Methionine - 3.12g/l, L-Phenylalanine - 3.75g/l, L-Threonine - 4.40g/l, L-Tryptophan - 2.01g/l, L-Valine - 9g/l, Arginine - 7.5g/l, L-Histidine - 4.76g/l, Glycine - 4.15g/l, L-Taurine - 0.40g/l, L-Serine - 7.67g/l, L-Alanine - 9.3g/l, L-Proline - 9.71g/l, N-Acetyl-L-Tyrosine - 5.176g/l, N-Acetyl-L-Cysteine - 0.70g/l, L-Malic Acid - 2.62g/l	10%	Injectable solution	880,217 L.L
C01BD01	AMIODARONE BIOGARAN	G	Amiodarone (HCl) - 200mg	200mg	Tablet	345,368 L.L
C08CA01	AMLINE	G	Amlodipine - 5mg	5mg	Tablet, scored	358,358 L.L
C08CA01	AMLINE	G	Amlodipine - 10mg	10mg	Tablet	662,962 L.L
C08CA01	AMLO TAD	G	Amlodipine besylate - 5mg	5mg	Tablet	744,489 L.L
C08CA01	AMLOCARD	G	Amlodipine (besylate) - 5mg	5mg	Tablet	473,545 L.L
C08CA01	AMLOCARD 10	G	Amlodipine (besylate) - 10mg	10mg	Tablet	870,298 L.L