Meningitis

Generalities
Agent	There are several agents causing meningitis. 1) Main Bacteria: - Neisseria meningitidis (meningococcus): Gram negative diplococci. Main invasive serotypes are A, B, C, W135, X, and Y. - Haemophilus influenza: Gram negative cocco-bacilli. There are 6 serotypes from (a) to (f). The serotype (b) is responsible of invasive infection. - Streptococcus pneumonia (pneumococcus): Gram positive diplococci. There are more than 90 serotypes. - Leptospira: spirochetes, Leptospira interrogans (26 serogroups) - Listeria monocytogenes: Gram positive, rod-shapped - Other bacterial agents: Staphylococcus, enteric bacteria, group B streptococci, Mycobacterium tuberculosis… 2) Virus: - Mumps - Measles - West Nile virus: a Flavivirus - Enterovirus: including Coxsackieviruses A (2-4, 7, 9-10), Coxsackieviruses B (1-6), Echoviruses (2, 5-7, 9-11, 14, 18, 30), Enterovirus 71, Poliovirus (1-3) - Herpes Simplex virus (types 1 and 2): family Herpesviridae - Varicella-Zoster virus: Human (alpha) Herpesvirus 3 (varicella-zoster) from the group Herpesvirus - Adenovirus: Adenovirus, several types (1, 2, 3, 4, 5 and 7), genus Mastadenovirus, family Adenoviridae, - Lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus: an Arenavirus - Sandfly fever viruses: genus Phlebovirus, family Bunyaviridae. They include more than 60 antigenically distinct virus serotypes. Two main groups are identified: a) Sandfly fever group including the Naples serocomplex (Karimabad virus, Arabia virus, Massilia virus, Punique virus, Tehran virus, Toscana virus …) and Sicilian serocomplex; and b) Uukuniemi group -Other virus: arboviruses… 3) Parasites: - Candida albicans, cryptococcus…
Incubation period	varies with the agent
Period of transmissibility	varies with the agent
Reservoir	varies with the agent
Modes of transmission	varies with the agent
Clinical presentation	varies with the agent
Resources
Case definition	- MOPH circular no. 52 (2007): Meningitis - MOPH circular no. 63 (2007): Neisseria meningitidis - MOPH circular no. 54 (2007): Haemophilus influenzae b - MOPH circular no. 36 (2012): West Nile Virus
Forms	- Meningitis reporting form - Meningitis investigation form
Data	- Weekly report

ATC	Name	B/G	Ingredients	Dosage	Form	Price
N02BE01	PARACETAMOL PANPHARMA	G	Paracetamol - 10mg/ml	10mg/ml	Injectable solution	1,959,322 L.L
B05XA02	SODIUM BICARBONATE	G	Sodium bicarbonate - 8.4g/100ml	8.4%	Injectable solution	959,565 L.L
L04AB02	REMSIMA SC	BioTech	Infliximab - 120mg/ml	120mg/ml	Injectable solution	52,597,003 L.L
N02BE01	MAKOACHE	G	Paracetamol - 1000mg/100ml	10mg/ml	Injectable solution	1,403,867 L.L
B05XA02	SODIUM BICARBONATE	G	Sodium bicarbonate - 1.4g/100ml	1.4g/100ml	Injectable solution	258,887 L.L
D11AH05	DUPIXENT	BioTech	Dupilumab - 300mg	300mg	Injectable solution	123,001,362 L.L
L04AB02	REMSIMA SC	BioTech	Infliximab - 120mg/ml	120mg/ml	Injectable solution	179,063,666 L.L
N02BE01	PARACETAMOL S.A.L.F	G	Paracetamol - 1000mg/100ml	10mg/ml	Injectable solution	5,542,006 L.L
B05XA03	0.9% SODIUM CHLORIDE INJECTION USP	G	Sodium chloride - 0.9%	0.9%	Injectable solution	145,946 L.L
D11AH05	DUPIXENT	BioTech	Dupilumab - 300mg	300mg	Injectable solution	123,001,362 L.L
L04AB02	REMSIMA SC	BioTech	Infliximab - 120mg/ml	120mg/ml	Injectable solution	91,457,321 L.L
N02BE01	STOPALGIC	G	Paracetamol - 1g/100ml	1g/100ml	Injectable solution	1,536,012 L.L
L01FF03	IMFINZI	BioTech	Durvalumab - 500mg/10ml	500mg/10ml	Injectable solution	L.L
B05XA03	0.9% SODIUM CHLORIDE INJECTION USP	G	Sodium chloride - 0.9%	0.9%	Injectable solution	151,692 L.L
D11AH05	DUPIXENT	BioTech	Dupilumab - 200mg	200mg	Injectable solution	123,001,362 L.L
L01FC01	DARZALEX	BioTech	Daratumumab - 1800mg	1800mg	Injectable solution	494,909,963 L.L
L04AB02	REMSIMA SC	BioTech	Infliximab - 120mg/ml	120mg/ml	Injectable solution	52,597,003 L.L
N02BE01	PARACETAMOL B.BRAUN	G	Paracetamol - 1000mg/100ml	1000mg/100ml	Injectable solution	129,009 L.L
B05XA03	0.9% SODIUM CHLORIDE INJECTION USP	G	Sodium chloride - 0.9%	0.9%	Injectable solution	164,333 L.L
D11AH05	DUPIXENT	BioTech	Dupilumab - 200mg	200mg	Injectable solution	123,001,362 L.L
L04AB04	ABRILADA	BioTech	Adalimumab - 40mg	40mg	Injectable solution	40,259,574 L.L
N02BE01	PARACETAMOL MACOPHARMA	G	Paracetamol - 1000mg/100ml	10mg/ml	Injectable solution	9,350,840 L.L
A10AD06	RYZODEG	BioTech	Insulin degludec - 70%, Insulin aspart - 30%	100IU/ml	Injectable solution	7,058,661 L.L
B03BA01	CYNOVIT-JULPHAR	G	Vitamin B12 - 1mg/ml	1mg/ml	Injectable solution	167,980 L.L
B05XA03	0.9% SODIUM CHLORIDE INJECTION USP	G	Sodium chloride - 0.9%	0.9%	Injectable solution	688,359 L.L
L04AB04	ABRILADA	BioTech	Adalimumab - 40mg	40mg	Injectable solution	40,259,574 L.L
N02BE01	PARACETAMOL NORMON	G	Paracetamol - 1000mg/100ml	10mg/ml	Injectable solution	9,633,134 L.L
B03BA01	JECTIN-12	G	Cyanocobalamin - 1000mcg/1ml	1000mcg/1ml	Injectable solution	567,102 L.L
B05XA03	0.9% SODIUM CHLORIDE INJECTION USP	G	Sodium chloride - 0.9%	0.9%	Injectable solution	144,797 L.L
L04AB04	ADALIREL	BioTech	Adalimumab - 40mg	40mg	Injectable solution	15,102,158 L.L