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Meningitis

Generalities
Agent There are several agents causing meningitis.
1) Main Bacteria:
- Neisseria meningitidis (meningococcus): Gram negative diplococci. Main invasive serotypes are A, B, C, W135, X, and Y.
- Haemophilus influenza: Gram negative cocco-bacilli. There are 6 serotypes from (a) to (f). The serotype (b) is responsible of invasive infection.
- Streptococcus pneumonia (pneumococcus): Gram positive diplococci. There are more than 90 serotypes.
- Leptospira: spirochetes, Leptospira interrogans (26 serogroups)
- Listeria monocytogenes: Gram positive, rod-shapped
- Other bacterial agents: Staphylococcus, enteric bacteria, group B streptococci, Mycobacterium tuberculosis…
2) Virus:
- Mumps
- Measles
- West Nile virus: a Flavivirus
- Enterovirus: including Coxsackieviruses A (2-4, 7, 9-10), Coxsackieviruses B (1-6), Echoviruses (2, 5-7, 9-11, 14, 18, 30), Enterovirus 71, Poliovirus (1-3)
- Herpes Simplex virus (types 1 and 2): family Herpesviridae
- Varicella-Zoster virus: Human (alpha) Herpesvirus 3 (varicella-zoster) from the group Herpesvirus
- Adenovirus: Adenovirus, several types (1, 2, 3, 4, 5 and 7), genus Mastadenovirus, family Adenoviridae, - Lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus: an Arenavirus
- Sandfly fever viruses: genus Phlebovirus, family Bunyaviridae. They include more than 60 antigenically distinct virus serotypes. Two main groups are identified: a) Sandfly fever group including the Naples serocomplex (Karimabad virus, Arabia virus, Massilia virus, Punique virus, Tehran virus, Toscana virus …) and Sicilian serocomplex; and b) Uukuniemi group
-Other virus: arboviruses…
3) Parasites: - Candida albicans, cryptococcus…
Incubation period varies with the agent
Period of transmissibility varies with the agent
Reservoir varies with the agent
Modes of transmission varies with the agent
Clinical presentation varies with the agent
Resources
Case definition MOPH circular no. 52 (2007): Meningitis
MOPH circular no. 63 (2007): Neisseria meningitidis
MOPH circular no. 54 (2007): Haemophilus influenzae b
MOPH circular no. 36 (2012): West Nile Virus
Forms - Meningitis reporting form
- Meningitis investigation form
Data - Weekly report
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ATC Name B/G Ingredients Dosage Form Price
J07CA06 INFANRIX IPV + HIB B Poliomyelitis virus type 3 inactivated(Prefilled syringe) - 32D.U., Poliomyelitis virus type 2 inactivated(Prefilled syringe) - 8D.U., Poliomyelitis virus type 1 inactivated(Prefilled syringe) - 40D.U., Bordetella pertussis antigen(Prefilled syringe) - toxoid 25mcg+filamentous haemaglutinin 25mcg+pertactin 8mcg, Tetanus toxoid (Prefilled syringe) - ?40IU, Diphtheria toxoid (Prefilled syringe) - ?30IU, H. Influenza type b polysaccharide(Vial) - 10mcg Injectable dry powder+suspension 3,014,239 L.L
J07CA06 PENTAXIM B Poliomyelitis virus type 3 inactivated(Prefilled syringe) - 32D.U., Poliomyelitis virus type 2 inactivated(Prefilled syringe) - 8D.U., Poliomyelitis virus type 1 inactivated(Prefilled syringe) - 40D.U., Bordetella pertussis antigen (Prefilled syringe) - toxoid 25mcg+filamentous haemaglutinin 25mcg, Tetanus toxoid (Prefilled syringe) - ?40IU, Diphtheria toxoid (Prefilled syringe) - ?30IU, H. Influenza type b polysaccharide(Vial) - 10mcg Injectable dry powder+suspension 2,558,676 L.L
J01DE01 CEFIPEX 1000 BENTA G Cefepime - 1,000mg 1,000mg Injectable dry powder+diluent 703,918 L.L
J06BB01 IMMUNORHO BioHuman Human anti-D (rh) immunoglobulin - 300mcg 300mcg Injectable dry powder+diluent 5,794,649 L.L
L01CD04 JEVTANA INJECTION B Cabazitaxel - 60mg/1.5ml 60mg/1.5ml Injectable dry powder for solution+diluent 75,619,931 L.L
L01CD04 JEVTANA INJECTION B Cabazitaxel - 60mg/1.5ml 60mg/1.5ml Injectable dry powder for solution+diluent 75,619,931 L.L
B01AD02 ACTILYSE BioTech Alteplase - 50mg 50mg Injectable dry powder for solution+diluent 97,130,035 L.L
J01DD02 NEGACEF G Ceftazidime (pentahydrate) - 1g 1g Injectable dry powder for solution 4,421,242 L.L
J01XA01 VANCOMYCINE VIATRIS 500MG G Vancomycin - 500mg 500mg Injectable dry powder for solution 851,399 L.L
H02AB04 METHYL PREDNISOLONE VIATRIS 40MG G Methylprednisolone (hemisuccinate) - 40mg 40mg Injectable dry powder for solution 248,804 L.L
H02AB04 METHYL PREDNISOLONE VIATRIS 120MG G Methylprednisolone (hemisuccinate) - 120mg 120mg Injectable dry powder for solution 579,584 L.L
H02AB04 METHYL PREDNISOLONE VIATRIS 1G G Methylprednisolone (hemisuccinate) - 1g 1g Injectable dry powder for solution 1,297,233 L.L
H02AB09 HYDROCORTISON VUAB G Hydrocortisone hydrogenosuccinate - 100mg 100mg Injectable dry powder for solution 147,823 L.L
J01CA04 MOXILEN G Amoxicillin (sodium) - 1g 1g Injectable dry powder for solution 998,475 L.L
L03AX03 SII-ONCO-BCG G Bacillus Calmette- Guerin Strain - 40mg/ml (1-8x10?CFU) 40mg/ml Injectable dry powder 6,987,981 L.L
J01DC02 CEFUMAX G Cefuroxime (sodium) - 750mg 750mg Injectable dry powder 159,917 L.L
J01DC02 CEFUROXIME – PANPHARMAPOUDRE POUR SOLUTION INJ. IM/IV G Cefuroxime (sodium) - 750mg 750mg Injectable dry powder 3,922,676 L.L
J01DC02 CEFUZIME G Cefuroxime (sodium) - 750mg 750mg Injectable dry powder 147,823 L.L
J01DC02 MAXIL 750 G Cefuroxime - 750mg 750mg Injectable dry powder 159,917 L.L
J01DC02 ZILISTEN G Cefuroxime (sodium) - 750mg 750mg Injectable dry powder 155,886 L.L
B03AC FERAPPLIC G Iron trivalent (ferric carboxymaltose) - 500mg/10ml 500mg/10ml Injectable dispersion 34,231,559 L.L
L01CD02 TAXOTERE B Docetaxel (trihydrated) - 80mg/4ml 80mg/4ml Injectable concentrated solution+diluent 24,150,868 L.L
L01CD02 TAXOTERE B Docetaxel (trihydrated) - 80mg/4ml 80mg/4ml Injectable concentrated solution+diluent 24,150,868 L.L
L01CD02 DOCETAXEL GP PHARM G Docetaxel - 40mg/ml 80mg/2ml Injectable concentrated solution+diluent 16,777,239 L.L
L01CD02 TAXOTERE B Docetaxel (trihydrated) - 20mg/ml 20mg/ml Injectable concentrated solution+diluent 6,574,078 L.L
L01CD02 TAXOTERE B Docetaxel (trihydrated) - 20mg/ml 20mg/ml Injectable concentrated solution+diluent 6,574,078 L.L
L01CD02 DOCETAXEL GP PHARM G Docetaxel - 40mg/ml 20mg/0.5ml Injectable concentrated solution+diluent 4,567,721 L.L
M01AE17 KETESSE B Dexketoprofen (trometamol) - 50mg/2ml 50mg/2ml Injectable concentrated solution 435,405 L.L
L01FE02 VECTIBIX BioTech Panitumumab - 400mg/20ml 400mg/20ml Injectable concentrated solution L.L
L01FE02 VECTIBIX BioTech Panitumumab - 100mg/5ml 100mg/5ml Injectable concentrated solution L.L
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