Meningitis

Generalities
Agent	There are several agents causing meningitis. 1) Main Bacteria: - Neisseria meningitidis (meningococcus): Gram negative diplococci. Main invasive serotypes are A, B, C, W135, X, and Y. - Haemophilus influenza: Gram negative cocco-bacilli. There are 6 serotypes from (a) to (f). The serotype (b) is responsible of invasive infection. - Streptococcus pneumonia (pneumococcus): Gram positive diplococci. There are more than 90 serotypes. - Leptospira: spirochetes, Leptospira interrogans (26 serogroups) - Listeria monocytogenes: Gram positive, rod-shapped - Other bacterial agents: Staphylococcus, enteric bacteria, group B streptococci, Mycobacterium tuberculosis… 2) Virus: - Mumps - Measles - West Nile virus: a Flavivirus - Enterovirus: including Coxsackieviruses A (2-4, 7, 9-10), Coxsackieviruses B (1-6), Echoviruses (2, 5-7, 9-11, 14, 18, 30), Enterovirus 71, Poliovirus (1-3) - Herpes Simplex virus (types 1 and 2): family Herpesviridae - Varicella-Zoster virus: Human (alpha) Herpesvirus 3 (varicella-zoster) from the group Herpesvirus - Adenovirus: Adenovirus, several types (1, 2, 3, 4, 5 and 7), genus Mastadenovirus, family Adenoviridae, - Lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus: an Arenavirus - Sandfly fever viruses: genus Phlebovirus, family Bunyaviridae. They include more than 60 antigenically distinct virus serotypes. Two main groups are identified: a) Sandfly fever group including the Naples serocomplex (Karimabad virus, Arabia virus, Massilia virus, Punique virus, Tehran virus, Toscana virus …) and Sicilian serocomplex; and b) Uukuniemi group -Other virus: arboviruses… 3) Parasites: - Candida albicans, cryptococcus…
Incubation period	varies with the agent
Period of transmissibility	varies with the agent
Reservoir	varies with the agent
Modes of transmission	varies with the agent
Clinical presentation	varies with the agent
Resources
Case definition	- MOPH circular no. 52 (2007): Meningitis - MOPH circular no. 63 (2007): Neisseria meningitidis - MOPH circular no. 54 (2007): Haemophilus influenzae b - MOPH circular no. 36 (2012): West Nile Virus
Forms	- Meningitis reporting form - Meningitis investigation form
Data	- Weekly report

ATC	Name	B/G	Ingredients	Dosage	Form	Price
B01AB05	ENOXAMED	BioTech	Enoxaparin sodium - 2000IU Anti-XA/0.2ml	2000IU Anti-XA/0.2ml	Injectable solution	388,370 L.L
B05BB01	SOLUFLEX RINGER'S INJECTION, USP	G	Calcium chloride, 2H2O - 0.33g/l, Potassium chloride - 0.3g/l, Sodium chloride - 8.6g/l		Injectable solution	221,792 L.L
B05ZA	CONCENTRATE SOLUTION FOR HEMODIALYSIS LS2	G	Potassium chloride - K+:1.5 mmol/l, Magnesium chloride - Mg++:0.75 mmol/l, Calcium chloride - Ca++:1.5 mmol/l, Sodium acetate - Cl-:111 mmol/l, Sodium chloride - Na+:140 mmol/l		Injectable solution	L.L
B01AB05	LOVENOX	BioTech	Enoxaparin sodium - 2,000UI (20mg)/0.2ml	2,000UI (20mg)/0.2ml	Injectable solution	467,657 L.L
B05BB02	5% DEXTROSE 0.9% SODIUM CHLORIDE INJECTION	G	Dextrose,H2O - 5g/100ml, Sodium chloride - 0.9g/100ml		Injectable solution	180,421 L.L
B05ZA	CONCENTRATE SOLUTION FOR HEMODIALYSIS LS3	G	Potassium chloride - K+:2.00 mmol/l, Magnesium chloride - Mg++:0.75 mmol/l, Calcium chloride - Ca++:1.60 mmol/l, Sodium acetate - Cl-:112 mmol/l, Sodium chloride - Na+:140 mmol/l		Injectable solution	L.L
B01AB05	PARINOX 20	BioTech	Enoxaparin sodium - 2000IU (20mg)/0.2ml	2000IU (20mg)/0.2ml	Injectable solution	188,138 L.L
B05BB02	5% DEXTROSE 0.9% SODIUM CHLORIDE INJECTION	G	Dextrose,H2O - 5g/100ml, Sodium chloride - 0.9g/100ml		Injectable solution	226,388 L.L
B05ZA	CONCENTRATE SOLUTION FOR HEMODIALYSIS R	G	Potassium chloride - K+:1.00 mmol/l, Magnesium chloride - Mg++:0.75 mmol/l, Calcium chloride - Ca++:1.40 mmol/l, Sodium acetate - Cl-:105.8 mmol/l, Sodium chloride - Na+:140.5 mmol/l		Injectable solution	L.L
M05BA06	BONVIVA	B	Ibandronic acid - 3mg/3ml	3mg/3ml	Injectable solution	3,144,591 L.L
B01AB05	ENOXAMED	BioTech	Enoxaparin sodium - 10000IU Anti-XA/1ml	10000IU Anti-XA/1ml	Injectable solution	1,209,458 L.L
B05BB02	5% DEXTROSE 0.9% SODIUM CHLORIDE INJECTION	G	Dextrose,H2O - 5g/100ml, Sodium chloride - 0.9g/100ml		Injectable solution	153,990 L.L
B05ZA	CONCENTRATE SOLUTIONFOR HEMODIALYSIS TYPE A	G	Hemodialytics, concentrates -		Injectable solution	L.L
B05BB02	DEXTROSE 5% & SODIUM CHLORIDE 0.9%	G	Sodium chloride - 0.9g/100ml, Dextrose, H2O - 5g/100ml		Injectable solution	189,262 L.L
B05ZA	CONCENTRATE SOLUTION FOR HEMODIALYSIS TYPE B+	G	Hemodialytics, concentrates -		Injectable solution	L.L
B05BB02	DEXTROSE 5% & SODIUM CHLORIDE 0.9%	G	Sodium chloride - 0.9g/100ml, Dextrose, H2O - 5g/100ml		Injectable solution	182,720 L.L
B05ZA	CONCENTRATE SOLUTION FOR HEMODIALYSIS TYPE J	G	Hemodialytics, concentrates -		Injectable solution	L.L
B01AB12	HIBOR	G	Bemiparin Sodium - 2,500IU	2,500IU	Injectable solution	704,173 L.L
B05BB02	DEXTROSE 5% & SODIUM CHLORIDE 0.9%	G	Sodium chloride - 0.9g/100ml, Dextrose, H2O - 5g/100ml		Injectable solution	207,894 L.L
B06AC05	TAKHZYRO	BioTech	Lanadelumab - 300mg/2ml		Injectable solution	1,204,227,927 L.L
H05AA02	CINNOPAR	BioTech	Teriparatide - 250mcg/ml	250mcg/ml	Injectable solution	15,275,833 L.L
B01AB12	HIBOR	G	Bemiparin Sodium - 3,500IU	3,500IU	Injectable solution	1,029,383 L.L
B05BB02	DEXTROSE 5% & SODIUM CHLORIDE 0.9%	G	Sodium chloride - 0.9g/100ml, Dextrose, H2O - 5g/100ml		Injectable solution	198,578 L.L
H05AA02	FORTEO	BioTech	Teriparatide - 250mcg/ml	20mcg/80mcl	Injectable solution	24,834,241 L.L
L01CE02	IRINOGEN	G	Irinotecan HCl - 100mg	100mg	Injectable solution	5,239,642 L.L
B01AB12	HIBOR	G	Bemiparin Sodium - 5,000IU	5,000IU	Injectable solution	1,466,132 L.L
B05BB02	DEXTROSE 5% & SODIUM CHLORIDE 0.9%	G	Sodium chloride - 0.9g/100ml, Dextrose, H2O - 5g/100ml		Injectable solution	226,036 L.L
H05AA02	OSTEOFORTIL	BioTech	Teriparatide - 250mcg/ml	250mcg/ml	Injectable solution	16,963,499 L.L
L01CE02	IRINOGEN	G	Irinotecan HCl - 100mg	100mg	Injectable solution	5,239,642 L.L
B01AB12	HIBOR	G	Bemiparin Sodium - 7,500IU	7,500IU	Injectable solution	2,198,526 L.L