Human T Lymphotropic Virus 1

Generalities
Agent	Human T-cell lymphotrophic virus-1 (HTLV-1), family Retrovirus
Incubation period	- Adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma: few decades - HTLV-1 associated myelopathy/tropical spastic paraparesis: 3.3 years (median)
Period of transmissibility	As long as the infection persists
Reservoir	Humans
Modes of transmission	Person-to-person transmission: - Vertical transmission: placenta-fetal, or via breastfeeding - Sexual intercourse - Blood: blood and blood products transfusion, intra-venous drug users, blood accidents…
Clinical presentation	- Asymptomatic carrier - Adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma (2-4%) - HTLV1- associated myelopathy/tropical spastic paraparesis (<1%) - Other: HTLV-associated uveitis, infective dermatitis, polymyositis, chronic arthropathy, panbronchiolitis...
Resources
Case definition	MOPH circular no. 176 (2015)
Forms	- General reporting form - HTLV-1 investigation form
Data	Two cases reported in 2007