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Read about the latest topics.
Overview
| Generalities | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Agents | Several agents: 1) Bacteria: - Neisseria meningitides (meningococcus): the serotypes responsible of invasive infection are A, B, C, W135, Y, X - Haemophilus influenza: there are 6 serotypes from (a) to (f). The serotype (b) is responsible of invasive infection - Streptococcus pneumonia (pneumococcus): there are more than 90 serotypes - Other bacterial agents: listeria, staphylococcus, enteric bacteria, group B streptococci, tuberculosis … 2) Virus: - Mumps - Measles - West Nile virus: a flavivirus - Enterovirus: including Coxsackieviruses A (1-11, 14, 16-18, 22, 24), Coxsackieviruses B (1-6), Echoviruses (1-7, 9-23, 25, 27, 30-33), Enterovirus 71, Poliovirus (1-3) - Herpes Simplex virus: with 2 types 1 and 2 - Varicella / Chicken-pox: Human (alpha) herpesvirus 3 (varicella-zoster) from the group Herpesvirus - Adenovirus: Adenovirus, several types (1, 2, 3, 4, 5 and 7), genus Mastadenovirus, family Adenoviridae, - Lymphocytic choriomeningitis: lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus (arenavirus) - Sandfly fever viruses: genus phlebovirus, family Bunyaviridae. They include more than 60 antigenically distinct virus serotypes. Two main groups are identified: the sandfly fever group including the Naples serocomplex (Karimabad virus, Arabia virus, Massilia virus, Punique virus, Tehran virus, Toscana virus …) and Sicilian serocomplex; and the Uukuniemi group.
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| Incubation | The incubation varies with the agent.
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| Period of communicability | The period of communicability varies with the agent.
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| Reservoir | The reservoir varies with the agent.
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| Modes of transmission | The modes of transmission vary with the agent.
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| Clinical | The symptoms vary with the agent.
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| Worldwide |
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| Lebanon | The annual average of reported cases of meningitis is 192. Among them, meningitis due to Neisseria meningitis occurs with 6 (2-12) cases per year. Among them, meningitis due to Haemophilus influenza occurs with 1 (0-2) cases per year. Among them, meningitis due to Streptococcus pneumoniae occurs with 19 (16-21) cases per year. |
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| Control objective | Control | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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