Health spending in Lebanon is growing rapidly and faster than GDP. The current financing and delivery arrangements, extensively described in this book, are responsible for the resulting poor value for money. Reform is needed to adapt the health system with financial constraints and changing demographic and epidemiological profiles, and to produce the desired health outcomes. Lebanon's experience in introducing reform measures within a pluralistic health system, is interesting for many EMR countries, which consider enhancing the private sector role in health care provision and financing. This book provides evidence that, in the absence of proper regulation, the public financing of private services feed the escalation of health expenditures, while private insurance takes full advantage of the weak regulation capability of the public administration. It provides an analysis of the health care market and assesses the impact of the supply and different payment mechanisms on the demand and the cost of medical services.