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Meningococcal Infection

Generalities
Agent Bacteria: Neisseria meningitidis (meningococcus), Gram negative diplococci
- 12 serogroups have been identified
- Six serogrouprs are responsible of invasive infection: A, B, C, W135, X, and Y.
Incubation period 2-10 days, commonly 3-4 days
Period of transmissibility Cases should be considered infectious from exposure until 24 hours after starting treatment of prophylaxis with appropriate antibiotics with substantial concentrations in oro/nasopharyngeal secretions
Reservoir - Humans
- Asymptomatic carriage in nasopharynx is common.
Modes of transmission - Person-to-person transmission by direct contact with respiratory droplets of infected people
- Most cases acquired through exposure to asymptomatic carriers
Clinical presentation - Bacterial meningitis
- Septicaemia: rare ans severe with purpura
- Complications: cerebral lesions, hearing loss, learning disorders among 10-20% of survivors
- Case fatality: 8-15% despite treatment
Resources
Case definition MOPH circular no. 63 (2007)
MOPH circular no. 72 (2003): contacts
Forms - Meningitis reporting form
- Meningitis investigation form
Data - Weekly report
- Meningitis 2022
- Meningitis 2021
- Meningitis 2020
- Meningitis 2019
- Meningitis 2018
- Meningitis 2017
- Meningitis 2016
- Meningitis 2015
- Meningitis 2014
- Meningitis 2013
- Meningitis 2012
- Meningitis 2011
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